Technology tab strip foundation

foundation is a very important part of any construction.There are several options for resettlement basis.The most popular of these is a strip foundation.Such popularity is due to the fact that its construction does not require the use of large machinery.In addition, the unit cost basis belt is significantly lower than in the construction of other types of foundation.Therefore, it can afford, many owners of private houses.Furthermore, this type of base is quite simple to assemble.About how satisfied tab strip foundation - on.

Bookmark and device strip foundation

The main thing to make out more - is some of the technological nuances of this type of basis.Nepuchinistye Dry soils are considered the most suitable for such foundations using a fine method of laying.If the depth to which the soil freezes, on the site is quite large, the construction of the tape base will more expensive mainly due to the fact that it will take an impressive costs of earthworks.

basis of the strip foundation is reinforced concrete strip that runs along the perimeter of the buildings erected.The result is a kind of tape laid under the supporting walls of the building.At the same time it is important that a uniform cross-section has been sustained around the perimeter.

Today there are several types of strip foundations, and select the most appropriate - a very responsible and important task.If the large building, then it is better to prefer metal, solid or prefabricated tape bases.With such a basis does not have to think about how to make the walls of the basement or cellar, because they will be built on the same technology as the foundation itself.

When inhomogeneous structure of the soil there is a risk of uneven grounds rainfall.Belt type base copes with this situation and thanks to the unified design can reallocate effort.This, in turn, will give the walls of the house straight, and will not allow the appearance of cracks.

Building material, which is used in the construction of the foundation, affect the service life.The longest are the bases of the rubble in cement mortar.They can be used 100-120 years.The same can serve monolithic concrete foundations.From 50 to 70 years - the operational life of belt concrete foundations.Slightly less serve brick tape bases, namely, 35-50.By design features two types of foundation - monolithic and prefabricated.The first of them is entirely assembled on site.National built from prefabricated parts factory production.However, some of its elements are held together by means of cranes.

In depth Bookmark distinguish bases:

• melkozaglublennye,
• buried.

choice in favor of one or the other option depends on the load.The first self is best used for light wooden buildings and small brick houses.The depth of his favorites is only 60-75 m. The ground for it is preferable to choose slabopuchinisty.

for buildings with heavy walls and massive beams typically used recessed foundation.Suitably, the ground beneath it was heaving.If a house is a basement or garage that such a foundation - it's the only right option.But we must not forget that its construction will take much more expensive tools and materials.Such foundations are generally deepens approximately 25 cm below the depth of soil freezing.Under the walls inside the building may be the depth of 45-65 cm.

Kinds and types of constructions

• rubble concrete basis .A mixture of sand and cement with large stones - is all that is needed for this type of foundation.In this case you should get a pretty solid foundation with a width of 0.2 to 1 m. In addition to this is always done cushion of sand or gravel.Its thickness should be not less than 15 cm. With it leveled ground.
• Reinforced concrete strip foundation .The mixture for this type of base used sand, gravel and cement.To strengthen the applied metal mesh and reinforcing bars.This foundation is recommended to choose for areas with sandy soil.It is quite durable and inexpensive.
• main application tape basis of brick considered to support the above-ground and underground parts of the building, including the basement.But we must not forget that the brick is a hygroscopic material and wet it becomes more fragile, because of what can be destroyed even with small frosts.Therefore, this material is performed quality waterproofing.This type of foundation is suitable in the case, if the house has a wooden frame and walls have a thickness of 1-1.5 brick.

For any structures can be safely to adopt foundation blocks and slabs.They are quite reliable and durable.Melkozaglublennye bases built using rubble concrete and reinforced concrete.

Technology tab strip foundation

Preparations

As before beginning any work with the space you need to remove dust and anything that may interfere with the markup.The very layout is performed both for internal and for external border of the foundation being built.Many for this purpose, available materials, such as pegs or reinforcing rods with a rope.But it is still recommended to do this with the help of special devices - laser levels.Strong error should not be allowed to lay out, asit will affect the construction of the outer form.

There are some suggestions, observing that you can achieve a perfectly flat layout:

1. So, it needs to define the axis of the future necessarily built.
2. Next planned with a plumb point, and from it at right angles to the rope stretched to other corners of the room.
3. To define another angle, you can use the square.
4. In addition, you will need to check the angles, focusing on the diagonal.If the test is successful, the rope stretched between the corners.
5. Then you can proceed to the interior layout.To do this, the external marking is indented by a distance the thickness of the foundation of the future.

When the partitioning is finished, it is necessary to examine irregularities in the construction site and choose the lowest point, which will be counted from the depth of the trench.It also would eliminate the difference in the height of the base.With a small amount of construction of the trench depth can be as little as 45 cm. The ground work starts with the digging of the pit.This can be done manually with a shovel or excavator hire.The latter option will help save a lot of time and effort.But all the same to align the edges of the trench will need a shovel.To measure the depth of the pit is desirable to use a water level.do not make eye measurements.

Installing formwork

When the counting is done and the trench is dug, you can begin the installation of the formwork.This work usually begins with the fact that at the bottom of the pit is placed a sandy pillow.This is a very important detail, becausethrough it possible to reduce the load by its distribution across the surface of the base, and to some extent even save on materials.For the cushions need to make a layer of sand at least 15 cm, after which it is aligned horizontally and properly compacted.When this is done, it needs to pour the top layer of gravel and pave the waterproofing.For this fit roofing material or a film of polyethylene.The foundation can not be poured until it is ready to formwork.Formwork can be made from scrap materials, such as plywood boards and unnecessary pieces of metal.All components are connected by nails or screws.Moreover, to facilitate the future dismantling of the formwork, the nail heads are left inside.

When the formwork is installed, it should be about 35 cm above ground level.On the inner side of the structure at the foundation of the future pouring around the perimeter of the rope is stretched.It is recommended to provide holes for the water and sewer pipes.Otherwise they will have to cut through that and violate the integrity of the base can affect its strength.

After this, you will put the valve.For this section of the bars 12 mm are bonded to each other by means of a special wire.Assign they need so that square cells with sides turned out about 35 cm. Welding Applications in this regard should be avoided.The fact that corrosion can occur in the joints.At mating has another advantage, it makes the structure at ground movement more flexible.Parts of the fittings must be inside the monolith.To achieve this, during installation you need to see to it that all parties to abide by the indentation of approximately 6-7 cm. You can start grouting after laying reinforcement.

Fill tab and strip foundation

Before pouring, should calculate how much it requires concrete.It is simple enough - is the product of three values, namely, height, length and width of the foundation.To prepare the mixture is required to mix sand, gravel and cement in a proportion of 3: 5: 1, respectively.The solution was then diluted with water.

It is best to use for pouring concrete, prepared at the factory.The fact that in one go you will likely not be able to pour the prepared mixture of his own.Because of this there are so-called "cold junctions".Through these defects will penetrate the moisture, which is detrimental to the foundation.When pouring the base to be used a special machine, you should check whether there is a formwork for pouring angles available.It is also important that the solution began to solidify.If this happened, the concrete mix can be diluted with a little water.

strip foundation pouring process itself is as follows.To get a quality foundation, the concrete mix is ​​poured in several layers, the thickness of each of which is about 25-30 cm. In this case, before you pour the next layer, you need to have filled ram.Thus, you prevent the formation of voids inside the basement.In addition, in order to prevent voids the wall formwork is recommended to periodically rattling.The level to which the concrete is poured, usually pre-tensioned rope marked.

When it is finished, the base surface is leveled with a trowel.In addition, the cast foundation of air to be released.For this purpose it is punctured in several places armature.More should be using a mallet prostukat on the outside of the casing.

tab strip foundation: photo

tab strip foundation: Video