Detailed step by step instructions for marking the foundation for the house

House project is ready and it seems that it is already possible to start building.But before it is necessary to transfer the drawing to the paper on the ground, mark the outline of the foundation of the future house.Only at first glance it is a quick and simple process, but in reality is a markup approach responsibly, because the dimensions of the walls should be followed to the centimeter and angles to be absolutely straight.Errors in the initial stages always entail an avalanche of even more serious errors, to correct that is difficult and expensive.

Especially important is the exact layout in the construction of a frame house of sandwich panels, because they are made in the factory and have a well-defined dimensions.If the foundation is poured on the wrong layout, the house is simply not possible to deliver it.Accuracy is important for houses made of logs, timber, aerated concrete, as house projects are developed taking into account the typical size of the material.

What is needed

Besides the construction project, you will need knowledge of the geometry for Grade 7 and simple tool:

• roulette, whose length is preferably not less than the longest wall,
• pegs or rods of valves, depending on the density of the soil,
• thick nylon cord and clothespins or clips,
• large square,
• level.

Very facilitate the work of laser level (level), it is often useful at all stages of construction and interior decoration, so now is the time to choose (how to use it, I'm told) and purchase it.

Preparations

Ideally, before the construction should be ready to house design to the placement on the site, taking into account all features of the landscape, soil and building codes.Often it turns out that there is only a model project home, and it still needs to relate to the real site.Positioning structure better on most smooth surfaces and so that was convenient to sum communication.Construction regulations stipulate that the house must defend at 5 m from the front edge of home ownership, and 3 meters away from the borders with its neighbors.

hardest to mark the most versatile and popular strip foundation.For other common markup in the individual building types - columnar and slab - you can use the special cases of the general layout of the method.

marking the outer contour of the foundation

first peg is best to drive into the corner closest to the site boundaries, so more likely that the building codes requirements are not violated.From it parallel to the frontal boundary or other landmark delayed distance equal to the length of the foundation.Deep into the plot is delayed by the same peg in the same way the length of the segment perpendicular to the foundation.

Now we need to make sure that the angle built exactly 90 degrees.If you have a laser level is a matter of a few seconds.If such a device is not present, you can use a square (even homemade) with sides not less than a meter.In the absence of this simple device and will have to remember the Pythagorean theorem of geometry or school rule Egyptian triangle, favorite builders.According to them, a triangle with sides 3, 4 and 5, the angle between the sides will be less straightforward.

In practice, this is used as follows: 12 m cord is cut, make notes 3 m from the beginning and after 4 m from the first mark, the mark m 3 is fixed peg.Home cord fastened on one of the grid lines, and a mark of 4 m - at a perpendicular, free portion of the cord must be connected exactly with the beginning.If it does not, it means that the angle is not straight and you need to adjust the pegs.

remaining sides are marked similarly.If the foundation is a rectangle on the plan, you can check the correct angles by measuring its diagonals.They are?Then the angles precisely to get straight.At the foundation of complex shape, such as an L-shaped or with niches, is to mentally divide it into rectangles or squares and check each of them separately.

internal circuit and load-bearing walls

Once marked the outer loop, it is necessary to outline its internal borders.The thickness of the foundation should be at least 40 cm, so it is the distance measured from the external borders and with the help of pegs scheduled inner boundary of the foundation.

the presence of internal load-bearing walls in the project at home, they are marked in a similar way to the surface.For each of the resulting rectangle or square will be checked again equal diagonals.

Useful things

If markup foundation retreat on each side by 5 cm, then dig a trench will be more convenient because there is less risk to move or lose the pegs.To do this, use rags - a series of pegs with the stretched fishing line between them running parallel to the foundation line a few centimeters from her.

Template for right angle is easy to do with their hands, tightly connecting the two boards are not less than a meter in length using brackets.To check the used carpenter's square or the school triangle.Also, as a template can be used by an angle OSB or other sheet material made at the factory.

After partitioning the resulting circuit is again carefully checked against the plan Gaugeable distance between all the walls several times, fixed pegs.Now you can start to dig a trench and installing formwork.