Small veranda with their own hands

Construction of a small veranda - one of the easiest ways to extend the usable area of ​​a small private house.In addition, such a construction can perform a kind of vestibule, which will improve energy efficiency at home, and therefore reduce the cost of heating it in winter.

Highlights

small veranda vary in material manufacturing:

1. Wooden.Such small outbuildings are a function hall.As a rule, they do not heated, and they are not very suitable for use in winter.In the summer of the verandas is possible to equip a small summer kitchen.
2. stone (brick, cinder block).This is a capital construction being built on a strong foundation.Typically, such a heated veranda made by placing in her kitchen or another room.

By design:

1. Heated.This veranda is connected to a common home heating system or a self-heating in its source (this option is much cheaper).Warm verandas are building on the foundation of capital from the floor insulation.
2. not heated.Used only in summer, but act as a buffer to keep warm in the winter.It allowed their structure on the pier foundation without additional insulation.

ready to start construction work

Even a small construction site, a small veranda extension requires careful preparation.Conditionally it can be divided into two stages:

1. Preparation of documents.Any changes to the design of the house, even the construction of a small room, requires changes in the design documentation.Therefore, choosing the approximate veranda structure, you must make a small sketch.With him will have to apply to the design organization, which has the right and license to develop residential buildings projects.They will prepare all the necessary documentation: project and design a small veranda from which you need to apply to the supervisory authorities (Department of Architecture), which approves the project.This should be done in advance, as the approval of all documentation can take up to 2 months.It is best to do this winter to the beginning of the construction season to be fully prepared.
2. Preparation of materials.It is necessary to stock up on the necessary quantity of lumber for the roof, bricks (cinder blocks), wall, cement, rebar, or dropping out of gravel, sand, etc.If problems with the delivery of materials is not, you can not buy all at once, but gradually, in the course of construction.If delivery has certain problems, it is better to buy at once, to save money.In this case it is necessary to provide for storage space, the materials that are exposed to moisture and direct sunlight: cement, plaster, paint, polystyrene foam, etc.

started.Construction of the foundation

usually for construction verandas use two types of foundations:

1. pier foundation.It is used for the construction of frame structures, with low weight.Such a foundation is easy to assemble and the cost is much lower.
2. Strip foundation.Suitable for heavy capital structures.This is a more reliable view of the foundation, but its construction is more labor intensive and cost.

Construction columnar foundation of a small veranda:

1. originally on the site, which will be installed porch, removed the fertile soil layer, whose thickness is about 15 cm It can be put to a bed or beds..Then, according to the approved project done marking of installation sites of the foundation pillars.For this purpose, small pieces of rebar that connect string.As a rule, the distance between the posts should be no more than half a meter.
2. height of pillars columnar foundation porch should match the height of the basement of the main building.Dimensions pillars are caused by the project, depending on the load they will experience in the construction of facilities.Also on the ground conditions at the site of the project sets the minimum amount of penetration of each column.The ground is not stable, the deeper must be the foundation.In some cases, the bases have a penetration of 1.5 - 2 m.
3. For each of the pillars dug pit, the size of which must be greater than the size of the column.At the bottom is placed pillow of sand and gravel, which is compacted thoroughly.After that set formwork.Inside the foundation pillar of reinforced bars of structural reinforcement.
4. After that, the column is filled with concrete.Pier foundation can be as solid-cast, and combined.The second type involves a shortened concrete pole and the brickwork above.Thus, it is possible to increase the height of the poles, without spending a lot of money on concrete, formwork and reinforcement.
5. technology of erection of the strip foundation a little more complicated, however, the reliability of such a base is far superior to a columnar structure.Thanks to her, it is possible the construction of the capital structure of brick or cinder block.Poured into a foundation level with the basic structure, but without ligation.The fact that the veranda and the house have different weights, and thus have a different pressure on the ground.For heavier building having more shrinkage than "pulled a" light veranda, between their foundations left technological gap is about 40 mm.
6. For everything strip foundation necessary dig a trench depth specified in the project.The width of the trench should be greater than for a normal installation of the formwork.Next on the bottom of the trench slept pillow of sand and gravel.She carefully compacted.At the bottom of the trench is set formwork, which strays from the boards.
7. There are two options fill strip foundation: monolithic reinforced and butonabivnoy.The first is used to enhance the valve, in the second - large rubble stones.The latter method is a little cheaper.
8. At the bottom of the trench is poured concrete, then laid the stones layer of 100mm.Then the process is repeated.The last layer is poured concrete without stone.After pouring the concrete is allowed to cool for a few days.If the weather is hot, the concrete must be moistened with water, so it is not cracked.
9. Before starting the construction of the walls on the foundation laid waterproofing surface, usually from roofing.

Walling and roofing

for the construction of small terraces are commonly used timber structures.

Its construction begins with the installation of rough floors.The order of these works the following:

1. First of all the space between the foundation (with his band structure) is filled with expanded clay, or other loose materials (sometimes clay).
2. Then on the foundation laid logs, pre-treated with anti-corrosion impregnation.Pedestal lag is the very foundation and pillows.They are made from a bar of a large cross-section.Under the pillow fits waterproofing.
3. After laying the lag on them stuffed coating of the floorboard at least 50 mm thick.
4. After installation subfloor, you can proceed to install the frame walls.
5. On the surface sub-floor beams are laid sill.Connect them with a straight lock.It is important that the lock was lying on the foundation, first of all it concerns the columnar foundations.Locks bars strapping necessarily fastened to the foundation with anchor bolts.Around the perimeter of the strapping bars made recess for mounting uprights.They are fixed by means of nails or staples.At the top end are fixed rack rails upper trim and the wall of the building under the slope of the roof-mounted beam run.It will be attached to her pent roof rafters.
6. last stage, installation of roof system.
7. Wooden frame after installation must be treated with antiseptic.
8. Installing roofing essentially no different from similar works in other buildings.
9. If veranda provides installation of windows, then at a certain height from the bottom of the beam is set scantlings, which coupled with the side pillars will form the window opening.
10. Likewise reinforced doorway frame.Location veranda doors should not be located opposite the entrance door to the house, in this case increases the risk of drafts.It is best to place it in the end of the extension, while cold air will not find the way into the living room.
11. The final step in the construction of a small wooden verandas will be lining the inner and outer wall surfaces.The interior walls using plywood, drywall, laminated chipboard.For external walls, as a rule, use a wooden board, corrugated board or plastic panels.Make sure the inside of the wall must be equipped with thermal insulation material.For these purposes, the best fit of mineral wool mats.They have excellent heat conductivity, are not afraid of moisture.
12. After finishing the walls are installed windows and doors, and the gaps between them and the body are filled with foam.

Building brick small porch with his hands

If the premises will be used extensively in the winter, it makes sense to build it out of brick or block.In this case, it fits only strip foundation, and, it has to be several times more powerful than the foundation for a wooden porch.That is why the price of a small veranda of bricks more than framing.

usually produce a laying one brick, with the obligatory bandage.Interior finish can be made as stucco and other finishing materials.

small veranda: photo

small veranda: Video