2 options to build a simple welder

For ac

This type of welding machines, is one of the most common options,both in industry and in private households.It is simple to use, compared with the rest of it can be done fairly easily at home, which confirms the picture below.To do this, you must have a wire for the primary and secondary windings as well as the core of the transformer steel winding svarochnika.In simple words welder AC - a step-down transformer.

optimal voltage at the welding machine, assembled at home - 60V.Optimal current 120-160A.It is now easy to calculate what sections should be at the wire in order to make the primary winding of the transformer (the one that will be connected to 220 V).The minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the copper wire should be 3-4 square meters.mm, the optimum is 7 sq.mm, as is necessary to take into account the voltage drops and possible additional load.We find that the optimal diameter of copper conductors for the primary winding of step-down transformer must be 3 mm.If you decide to take the aluminum wire to do the welding with his hands, then the section of copper wire must be multiplied by a factor of 1.6.It is important that the wires are in the rag shell, you can not use wires, PVC insulated - it melts when heated wires and a short circuit occurs.If you do not wire the required diameter, it is possible to use thinner wires, reeling them in pairs.But then it should be noted that the thickness of the coil will increase, and thus the size of the device.For the secondary winding can be used thick stranded copper wire - the same as the core and on the holder.

The first thing you need to make a transformer core home-made welding machine.The best option is the core of the stick-type as shown in Figure 1:

This core should be drawn from the transformer steel plates.The plate thickness should be from 0.35 mm to 0.55 mm.Before collecting the core must calculate its size, it is done as follows: First, the value of the window, ie the dimensions c and d in Figure 1 should be chosen such as to place all of the transformer windings, secondly, roll area that..calculated by the formula Skrena = a * b, shall not be less than 35 square meters.Skrena see if there will be more -. then the transformer will be less heated and therefore work longer.Better to Skrena was equal to 50 square meters.cm. Then proceed to assemble plates of homemade welder.It is necessary to take the L-shaped plate and fold them as shown in Figure 2, until you get to make the core of the required thickness.After that it is held together by bolts at the corners.At the end of needle files necessary to treat the surface of the plates and insulate them, wrapping a rag insulation.

Then proceed to the winding of the welding apparatus of the step-down transformer.At first, we pull a primary winding which consists of 215 turns, as shown in Figure 3.

expedient to make a branch from 165 and 190 turns.Top transformer attach thick textolite plate.The ends of the windings are fixed on it by bolting marking the first bolt - a common wire, the second - an offshoot of the coil 165, the third - an offshoot of the coil 190 and 4 th - 215 th.This will allow subsequently adjust amperage during welding, the greater the number of turns in the primary winding - the higher the welding current strength of your device.After we proceed to the winding 70 and secondary turns, as shown in Figure 4.

Fewer coils wound on the other side of the core - where the primary winding is wound.to do the turns ratio of approximately 60% to 40%.This contributes to the fact that after you catch the arc and start welding, eddy currents are partially shut off the winding operation with a large number of turns, which will increase the welding current, and thus improve the quality of the weld.winding ends and secure with screws on a textolite plate.Now your homemade welding machine is ready.By connecting the holder and weight to the secondary winding must be connected to a common network of wires and the wire extending from the 215-th primary turns.If you need to increase the current strength, it is possible to make smaller the number of turns of the primary winding by switching on the second conductive contact with fewer turns.Zoom features can be made using the resistance of the spring as a curved piece of steel transformer connected to the holder.Always make sure that the welding machine is not overheated.

That's the way you can make welding machine from a step-down transformer with their own hands.As you can see, the instruction is not too difficult, even inexperienced electrician will be able to self-assemble the unit.

DC

For some types of welding needs svarochnik DC.Such an instrument can be welded iron and stainless steel.Make DC welding machine with their own hands can be no longer than 15 minutes, the home-made converting alternating current.To this end, the secondary winding must be connected rectifier diodes assembled.Regarding the diodes must withstand a current of 200 A and to have a good cooling.To do this, fit diodes D161.Align current will help us capacitors C1 and C2 with the following characteristics 15000 microfarads and voltage 50V.Then collect the scheme said that the figure below.Choke L1 is required for current control.Contact x4 connection holder and x5 for supplying current to the work piece of land.

Three-phase welding machines are used for welding in a production environment, they use two-electrode holders, so in this article we treat them will not, and inverters are manufactured on the basis of printed circuit boards for the manufacture of which requires special equipment.Now that you know the basic principles svarochnikov design and can use them to make a welding machine with his own hands as postoyanku and AC.We also recommend you view the video tutorials provided below to help you clearly see how to assemble a simple svarochnik from scrap materials.

Visual workshops

So, if you decide to make a welding machine at home, perhaps, these video lessons will inspire you to manufacture their own tools:

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