Instructions for building melkozaglublennogo foundation for a bath with his hands

Practice shows that in the construction of any structure approximately 1/3 of construction costs accounted for the installation base.Given that this stage - the most expensive, the correct choice of the type of foundation and arrangement techniques can significantly adjusted the estimate downward expenses.If we are talking about a building, as the sauna, then this problem is even more simplified.

This object is different from a number of other buildings in the first place, a little weight.Although some wealthy owners of suburban areas prefer to build a "complex", when in the same building, except for the bath, are located laundry room, garage, attic and a number of other areas, it is not the rule.Therefore, it will be discussed about the construction of the foundation for a bath in the usual sense.

small load of the building to the ground, you can select the type of foundation "melkozaglublenny belt."What gives?

• Compared with the traditional option, which is laid on the depth of soil freezing, the decision to reduce the construction costs of at least 2.5 times.
• Melkozaglublennoe base can arrange almost any soil.In addition, its design allows to equip a small basement.How to use it, good host always come up.
• Subject to reduce the amount of work (in the first place, excavation) up to full readiness of the object is significantly reduced.

Someone may say that it is much easier and cheaper under the bath not flush mount foundation.But such a structure has a number of limitations in the application.Firstly, it can be mounted to the structure, if none of the sections along the length of the foundation bath not exceeding 6 m. Second, usually built of a bath timber and the material (and others) provides a significant shrinkage.

not flush the foundation does not have sufficient "rigidity" and it is likely that one or more locations tape may eventually simply explode.That is why it is believed that a bath was the best option is the base melkozaglublennoe.

We will weary the reader with a description of certain stages of construction, and only pay attention to some points.

When marking territory must take into account the requirements that apply to regulated areas.In the first place - by objects equidistance apart from the fences, roads, and so on.Learn more about all of this can be found here.

durability of any structure depends on the right choice of components, compliance with methodology of preparation and laying of concrete solution.You must use the appropriate grade of cement, specify the desired type and characteristics of aggregate, the optimal equity ratio of ingredients to prepare a mixture.

Procedure of installation of the foundation trench

Preparation

All parameters

melkozaglublennogo to base its depth of about 40 - 50 cm (including the elevation above the ground at least 30 cm).With an average width of 40 to 60 cm for this bath is enough.These data can be used for preliminary calculation of the required amount of materials (sand, cement, aggregate rebar).

bottom is covered with so-called "pillow".For this purpose, poured even layer of coarse sand (about 30 cm), which for greater sealing moistened with water and then compacted manually.This bedding evenly distributes the load arising from the movements of the soil, thus ensuring the integrity of the tape.In fact, such a "cushion" compensates for any mechanical stress on the foundation even to the heaving soils - details here.

on heaving soils is desirable to use instead of sand gravel fines..

And one more remark.Too "high" the foundation is not worth doing.Its penetration is determined on the basis of site specific.But how much to raise is decided randomly.Experienced experts do not recommend a foundation with a total height of more than half a meter.This design loses "flexibility", which can lead to its destruction at elevated ground impacts.

Therefore, if the cap would be desirable "to lift" (for example, for the basement of equipment), it is better to do it at the expense of brick masonry and no more pouring concrete solution to a higher frame.As an option, the installation of the second w / w tapes, pre-insulated horizontally between them.

formwork construction

As a rule, it uses low-grade or board (B / y), or sheets of plywood.Based on the features of construction, so that the frame geometry is not changed under the weight of the solution, apply elements such as struts, wedges and so on.

Reinforcement

Any design is called concrete if it contains a metal "skeleton".Sam concrete is not strong enough, so the next step - assembling the reinforcing frame.How to choose a cross-section rods, design features, "binding" elements and use on site - all this can be found here.

It is worth recalling that the extreme rods must not reach the surface of the basement (with all its side) closer than 5 cm. This is to avoid direct contact with the liquid metal.Firstly, the concrete eventually crumbles and rods can be "naked."Secondly, we can not ignore the capillary penetration of moisture into the structure of the material (concrete).

Fill solution

Given the overall height of the tape (and this figure, we have identified about 0.6 meters), this work is carried out in several stages.You have to understand that the strength of the solidified mass is largely dependent on the presence of voids (air bubbles) in the structure, and the drying speed - on the degree of hydration.Therefore the main task of the master - "drive out" of the solution poured more air and water.

To make this easier to do, it is advisable to stack layers of not more than 25 cm, and then produce a compacted mass.This can be done by means of the rebar, scrap, shovels - someone as comfortable.

It is worth paying attention to the fact that the interval between successive layers packings should not be large.Otherwise, the solution tightly "grabs", and formed a kind of "joint", which will adversely affect the strength between them.Therefore, all the work of his casting is desirable to perform in a day.It's easy, when you consider the small size of the foundation baths.

Then all additional activities, which include:

• waterproofing design;
• insulation (if necessary);
• construction of drainage system along the perimeter (if appropriate);
• arrangement of blind area.

What to look

• characteristics of the soil.
• Occurrence of groundwater.
• intensity of rainfall in the place of residence, the indicative layer of snow in the winter.
• presence of drainage system on the site.
• material from which erected the walls (and height), type of roof.This will determine the estimated load on the foundation.

Taking into account all of these factors will allow to pick the optimal size of the foundation and to avoid unmotivated financial costs.