Storage water heaters : working principle

The lack of hot water is fairly widespread in most of our cities.Even where it is, in principle, there are periods when hot water at the tap is simply absent.Storage water heater - this is an acceptable solution to this problem.There are other types of water-heating equipment, but in this article we will look at is water heaters: the principle of operation of these devices, especially the operation, maintenance and repair.These devices can be operated from the burning of gas, from electricity and even solar energy, as long as they comply with the requirements for this type of appliance requirements.

to the water heater

Requirements To make sure that the water heater is the right tool that you need, you need to consider its main features.Actually, this is:

• ability to ensure the supply of an apartment or house sufficiently large volume (10 to 1000 liters) of hot water, but not instantaneous, since its heating to the required temperature takes time, often 20 minutes or more.
• ability to smoothly supply hot water to multiple outlets.For example, the hot water tap can be opened simultaneously in the kitchen and in the bathroom, that will not affect the operation of the device.In the case of instantaneous water heater it is quite impossible.However, the cost of storage devices is somewhat higher than the flow-through.
• The principle of storage-type water heater is that it is able to heat a large amount of water to a high enough (about 55-80 degrees) temperature.In operation, first comes the water heating to the desired temperature, after which it is carried out by maintaining constant heating.For these purposes it is spent a certain amount of energy, too.
• may be connected to an electrical network without any conditions, due to the fact that there is not any special requirements to the voltage of the power nor electrical reliability.It may be connected to the water mains, without requiring a high pressure therein.If the energy source for heating the water used is natural gas, the gas supply source to a heater capable of connecting a conventional flexible liner for a gas.
• With all that storage-type water heaters may require frequent maintenance and sometimes repair.
• Storage water heater, as a rule, takes a large storage capacity, which is particularly characteristic of models with a large water tank.
• can not be used in food water from the water heater, as opposed to the flow.

What device

heater So, we have established the principle of the storage type water heater is that water is first passed to the thermal energy, which leads to its warm-up, andfurther the heat flow is reduced and remains at a level sufficient to maintain the desired temperature.The water flow device is heated while passing through the heating elements.Therefore, at the output it has a considerably lower temperature than the cumulative, although heating it up very quickly.

storage water heaters have the following equipment:

• capacity, which is filled with water from a water pressure system.Its size is different from 10 to 100 liters.
• outer casing, under which there is a thick layer of insulation.
• Electric heating element (heater) or magnesium anode.In the case of gas options - chimneys and gas burner.This is the "heart" of the device, which actually heats the water in the tank.
• branch pipe for supplying cold water from the pipe system and to the hot water outlet from the apparatus.It is often equipped with a safety valve that opens when the pressure in the cylinder.
• electronic control unit, which receives signals from temperature sensors and controls the operation of the entire device.It also has buttons for manual billing of heating parameters, including maximum temperature and water heating speed.

The principle of operation is based on a water heater features a thermos.Large tank heated to a high temperature water is enclosed in a cocoon of insulating material that provides the minimum loss of calories.As a result, cooling is very slow.Full tank can cool down to room temperature after stopping operation only after 2 - 3 days.This allows you to use hot water, even when you turn off the power.

At cooling water to a certain temperature, the heating elements are included, and it is heated again.To the hot water does not mix with the cold, and the temperature is not lowered quickly in the water heater storage-type always provides as follows: cold water entering the bottom of the tank, replacing the hot water.Its withdrawal from the container takes place in front of the top.This ensures uniformity of the temperature of the water that enters the valve from the cylinder.

Operating Rules

electric water heaters water heater Since the device more widespread, we will look at them in more detail exactly.It is clear that any equipment in need of careful treatment.No exception and storage water heaters.The principle of this device is that it is not necessary to force it to work continuously at full capacity.This could lead to quite rapid failure of the heaters or actuation of the protective relays, which will have to turn to cause master.Optimum temperature sufficient - is 60 degrees.To achieve this you need to use all the heating elements.It is not greatly increases power consumption, but makes them more uniform wear.

Most models automatically switch off when heated to 85%, and the inclusion will take place only after it has cooled down some, if not fire protection.At night, a reduced fee for the use of electricity, thus saving money for the optimal choice of heating mode.After all, the day the unit can be switched off.All the same, the water in it cools down until the evening.Carried out in the night time water heating will cost half the price.Some newer models have been equipped with the heating function of cost.Its essence is that the water heats up during the night and during the day there is only maintaining its temperature at a minimum acceptable level - ie,55 degrees.

To operate the instrument was completely safe, you need a few simple elements: firstly, a common ground.Secondly, the protective gear, which is needed to compensate for increased pressure in the water network.Third, the pressure relief valve protecting the heater from being too high pressure inside.He, if necessary, a drain.Fourth, check valve, blocking the water out of the tank if its supply suddenly stops - you need to not have failed heating elements.The last three mentioned elements are called producer "security group" and they do not necessarily come with the main unit.Often they need to be purchased separately.It happens that some manufacturers collect all three components into one unit, which allows for more convenient installation.The rate of water in the heating device depends on the capacity of the device itself, as the level of electric power consumption.

If you use water from the water heater, keep in mind the following important points:

• If the water in the tank is stagnant, its use is by no means impossible for food.This is especially dangerous when the water temperature drops to a level where it could arise and start breeding the different bacteria.
• If your cumulative water heating device is installed outside the city, and you use plain water from the well, then at least once a month, it is necessary to heat the water up to the maximum temperature for the purpose of disinfection and prevention.
• very important status of the internal surface of the tank.If there are sufficient finances better to choose a model that has a special coating, for example, glass porcelain.It will provide clean water in the tank, regardless of the time of its location there.
• If you are away for a long time, and water heater storage type for a while will not be used, the water should definitely be drained.This is even more important if you are going away for the winter.After freezing of the water inside the tank to anything good will not.It simply displays the device down completely and he was subject to repair will not.

Features repair water heater repair

water heater is not very time-consuming, since it has no moving parts.However, it can be advantageously avoided to ensure a high quality water heater regular maintenance.This seems possible to significantly extend the life of the tank and heaters.The anode is required to change each year.maintenance software should do the official technical center of the toy manufacturer, which cylinder you have purchased.An important point: if all maintenance and repair work on servicing and repairs operation of the device in his passport is required to put a stamp.Otherwise, you may suddenly refuse to replace the tank in the event of a leak.When you purchase or that the heater must be fairly sure that you will have the full right to service in a certified service center and its availability in your area.Otherwise, you should choose another model and manufacturer of the device.

Thus, the acquisition of the storage water heater is preferable to flow if the hot water consumption in the household is high enough.Stocks of hot water it will not only wash the dishes, but also to wash the entire family in the water to a comfortable temperature.