Technology cladding with ceramic tiles oven

Recently, unpretentious to the stove to give an attractive and aesthetic appearance, has become increasingly used lining of furnaces with ceramic tiles.In this case the selection of suitable materials and installation of literacy have a significant impact on the final result of the lining, so even at the preparatory stage should be taken to the event very seriously.

Criteria for selection of tiles for lining

oven for selection of cladding material should take into account not only the style of the interior, but also compliance with the conditions of materials for future use.Therefore, choosing a refractory tiles, it is necessary to pay attention to the following parameters:

• maximum level of moisture absorption to 3%;
• tile thickness varies in the range of 6-8 mm;
• linear expansion coefficient equal to 7-8% with respect to the selected tile density;
• presence information about the absence of deformation when a sharp decrease / increase in temperature;
• absence in the tile harmful elements released when the temperature is heated to 1000 ° C;
• high thermal conductivity, heat capacity;
• resistance to aggressive environments;
• manufacturer warranty maintenance period, amounting to 50 years.

mismatch tiles at least one parameter in a short time will cause peeling tile from the ground, cracking, heat disorders and, as a consequence, reduce the heating efficiency.

Types of refractory ceramic tile

Recently, wide distribution received the lining of furnaces with ceramic tiles, the price of which is influenced by the value of its constituent components.However, despite the diversity of types of ceramic tiles, suitable for lining furnaces, only the following types of it:

1. Terracotta tiles - is produced by pressing kaolin clay, followed by firing at a temperature exceeding 1000 ° C.In this part of clay chamotte added, increasing the heat resistance of the finished product, and various additives in the form of oxides of cobalt, manganese, iron, to create hueing spectrum.Terracotta tiles have a uniform highly porous structure, relief unglazed surface of cool shades.

Advantages:

• lack of time deformation under the influence of large temperature fluctuations;
• fade resistance;
• when heated no emission of toxic substances;
• high strength with low weight that does not require structural reinforcement for the lining;
• speed warm-tile structure with slow heat transfer allows for a long time to maintain the heat in the room;
• low vapor permeability, which prevents rapid destruction of tiles;
• ease of stacking;
• durability.

disadvantage of terracotta tiles is a fairly high cost, although a wide range of the color spectrum, along with the duration of use make price irrelevant factor.

2. Majolica - made similarly terracotta tiles, having the same set of benefits.

Here are the distinguishing features of majolica:

• glazed surface;
• expressive relief;
• presence of the figure.

view of coating the surface of the tiles with a thin layer of glaze, majolica may well be used for lining furnaces, not fearing the probability of occurrence of cracks in the glazed surface.

3. Paving tiles - is produced by extruding from a variety of clays in combination with fireclay, flux, mineral inclusions, followed by firing.Ceramic tiles characterized by glazed or unglazed surface with little relief.

Advantages:

• high-strength low-porosity structure promotes good heat dissipation;
• low coefficient of moisture absorption;
• excellent quality heat exchangers;
• high frost resistance, heat resistance;
• not respond to significant changes in temperature;
• environmentally friendly material, which prevents the emission of harmful compounds when heated;
• ease of maintenance, installation;
• continuous operation.

Amid all the advantages of the lining of furnaces with ceramic tiles costs, and relatively high, is not particularly interesting.

When facing furnaces should be used unglazed ceramic tiles as possible deformation when heated finishing material, because of the different thermal expansion of the furnace walls and glazed ceramic tiles.

4. Porcelain tiles - made of a composition comprising a heterogeneous clay, marble or granite chips, silica sand, oxides of various metals, by compaction under high pressure.In the firing process, the temperature reaches 1200-1300 ° C, sintering promoting mass in a monolithic structure.Porcelain stoneware characterized neemalirovannaya surface, although small quantities are produced and glazed tiles.However, the smooth surface of granite is achieved not only by applying the glaze, but also polished, slightly reduces the strength of the product.

Advantages:

• opportunity to simulate a granite, clinker, terracotta;
• fade resistance;
• high strength of the product prevents the deformation of time;
• resistance to surface cracking within a large range of temperature variations;
• minimum moisture absorption, promoting the use in wet conditions;
• frost;
• durability.

Of all types of ceramic tiles, granite has a great use for the period, together with the predominance of the qualitative characteristics and, therefore, cost.

5. Tiles - piece material produced from special types of clay by firing at high temperatures.Tiles have a glossy glazed surface with a printed pattern, although the monochrome surface is no exception.The surface is perfectly flat tiles or containing certain relief or significant convexity and concavity.

distinctive feature of the tiles, from all types of tile material is the presence of cavities on the wrong side of the element, reminiscent of the open box, which is provided by the unique heat-saving properties.

Advantages:

• ecological purity of the product;
• high resistance to sudden temperature changes;
• moisture, frost;
• nonsusceptibility deformation mechanical nature, under the influence of ultraviolet light;
• high heat transfer coefficient;
• ease of maintenance;
• long operational period.

prohibitively high cost of wall tiles has not given special popularity.In addition, only the installation of tiles in the brickwork of the furnace, i.e.oblitsevat them already folded oven is simply impossible.

technology lining of furnaces with ceramic tiles

whole cladding process is divided into several stages, consistency and completeness of performance which will ensure the success of the final result.

Substrate Preparation

preparatory work related to the implementation of the dirtiest work, on which depends the reliability of the tile adhesion to the surface of the oven.In preparation is necessary: ​​

• thoroughly clean the surface from plaster, paint up to the brick;

• make frequent incision depth of about 2 cm, if the stove has been painted and the paint removal causes severe difficulty;
• clear the joints between the masonry at a depth of 1 cm, using a wire brush or grinders;
• wipe the surface with a damp cloth to remove dust and debris remaining particles;
• every 0.5 m mezhkirpichnye seams hammer a nail or screw anchors, leaving the distance to the surface about 5 mm to secure the mesh or wire;
• ready to install a grid with 50x50 mm or build it from a wire, fixing through the nails, anchors,

• knead solution out of the sand, clay and cement in a ratio of 0.2: 3: 1, although you can use ready-made adhesive compositions (eg, Skanfixsuper);
• plaster made solution of the entire surface of the oven;

• check the verticality of the corners, walls with a plumb;
• if necessary apply an additional layer of the solution to achieve flat surfaces, corners;
• wait for the complete drying of the plaster layer and to heat the oven;
• can proceed to the installation of tiles after cooling the furnace.

Choice adhesive

adhesive used for laying of tile, not necessarily choose the most expensive.Most importantly, he was a heat-resistant and can withstand temperature extremes without any modification of the original form.Currently, widespread brand heat-resistant adhesive such as Hercules, IVSIL Thermix, Ceresit, slightly different composition, value.

ideal option would be the purchase of tiles and adhesive in one store, where he immediately pick up the glue with respect to the option chosen tiles.

masonry tiles

directly before the lining process according to the perimeter of the furnace, first horizontally, using a level, to fix the rail so that the height from the upper edge of the rails is equal to the floor tile height given tile seam.

Performing this procedure due to the possible, even minor irregularities in the floor, because of which the seams upstream rows will be skewed, breaking the aesthetic appeal of the tiled oven.

tiling done in the following order starting from the fixed rail:

• on the tile adhesive applied 2-5 mm thick and smooth with a notched trowel over the entire surface;

• attach to the wall and turning a little tile from side to side, finally pin down his arms in the right position;
• the next in a series of tiles laid in a similar manner;
• seam between tiles set crosses, providing the same seam width;

• at the end of the top row to remove the horizontal rail;
• try tile height, prune, then apply glue and glue to the surface of the oven as needed;
• give the glue to dry thoroughly for 3 days.

Grouting

for filling tile joints can pick up a special grout to match the facing material, or contrast with the color of the tile, and you can use the structure, through which the styling.Grouting process:

• remove the crosses;
• clean the seams on the remaining adhesive;
• wipe the surface with a damp cloth to prevent dust from entering the grouting composition;
• dilute the grout according to the instructions and mix thoroughly;
• for maximum filling of the space necessary to suture to stamp grout hand pressing movements, using a rubber spatula;

• rounded end of the spatula to hold on filling seam, giving the final form;
• 2-3 hours to wipe the surface of a damp cloth to remove the remaining traces of grouting;
• day later the tile surface can be washed with soapy water, then let it dry completely.

As a result, any result obtained by lining furnaces ceramic tiles, video talk again:

Useful tips

1. For external corners must use whole tiles, and in places engages the oven to the wall should be fine sliceddetails.
2. When cutting pasted on the surface of the tile masking tape to prevent chipping during sawing necessary element.
3. cutting pieces fit only after the entire cladding tiles.
4. every 2 rows need to check the evenness tiled through levels as correct pasted tiles can be used only for 15 minutes until the glue grabbed.
5. excess adhesive, trapped in the seams need to be removed immediately by using a narrow spatula.
6. Adding in the adhesive composition of common salt (1 bucket of glue + 1 kg of salt) provides a barrier to the rapid evaporation of moisture, increasing the time to adjust the position of the laid tiles.
7. begin to heat the stove better gradually, after 1-2 weeks, finishing materials to gradually get used to the temperature rise.Otherwise, a sharp drop of high temperatures can cause peeling tile from the oven surface.

Upon completion of the lining of furnaces with ceramic tiles, a photo that is presented in the article, is the oldest kiln takes the form of a brand new design, pleasing his master get results.